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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Therapy is the most effective treatment for anxiety, occasionally a short course of medication is required. Treatment options for anxiety include antidepressants and tranquilizers.

SSRI antidepressants, such as citalopram (Celexa), Escitalopram (Lexapro) and sertraline (Zoloft) enhance communication between nerve cells within the brain and reduce anxiety. SNRIs that focus on the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine may also be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are typically the first medications prescribed by doctors to treat anxiety disorders. They stop nerve cells from absorption of serotonin into the brain, a substance that is essential for regulating mood. The drugs take time to begin working, but most people are better after four to six weeks. SSRIs are non-habit-forming and do not cause addiction, so they can be taken for extended periods of time.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. These SNRIs include citalopram and escitalopram and fluoxetine (Prozac) and paraxetine (Paxil), and sertraline. Tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine (Tofranil) and doxepine (Anxiety Disorder Stimulant) also treat anxiety and depression. Novel antidepressants, such as mirtazapine (Remeron) are also sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors do not know how to treat anxiety attacks SNRIs or SSRIs work, but they are aware that they enhance the activity of certain chemical messengers called neurotransmitters in the brain. They prevent the brain from reabsorbing chemicals and permit these chemicals to bind to receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They may also help with the bulimia nervosa disorder and binge eating disorder, but it is not as common.

Atypical antipsychotic drugs may be prescribed to those suffering from anxiety who don't respond to SSRIs. Examples include quetiapine, (Abilify), and aripiprazole, (Risperdal). These drugs decrease anxiety in people who have obsessive compulsive disorder. They are usually given in conjunction with an antidepressant. They have a lower chance of serious adverse effects than other kinds of antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers can also be prescribed for anxiety, and heart conditions. Examples are propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin). They can reduce the physical symptoms of anxiety, especially for those with social anxiety disorder. They can be useful in reducing anxiety, specifically during or following surgery. Benzodiazepines, like lorazepam and Ativan (Ativan), can be utilized when other treatments aren't working. They can be addictive and can be habit-forming.

SNRIs

SNRIs are another type of antidepressant medications often prescribed to treat anxiety. They work similarly to SSRIs however, they increase the availability of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. They are therefore more efficient in treating certain anxiety disorders such as anxiety disorder, social anxiety and panic disorder. Like other medications, they are most effective when used in conjunction with talking therapy and other treatment strategies.

Unlike benzodiazepines, SNRIs do not create dependence or addiction for the majority of people. Some patients may experience withdrawal symptoms when stopping a medication following an extended period of usage. It is essential to speak with your physician prior to stopping any medication.

Serotonin and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters that are responsible for mood and stress responses. Particularly, they play a significant role in the fight-or-flight response that a lot of people suffering from anxiety experiences. By blocking the reuptake process, SNRIs stop nerve cells from quickly absorbing these neurotransmitters. They keep these chemicals in the body for longer and can improve mood, reduce anxiety, and even ease anxiety attacks.

Norepinephrine also plays a part in anxiety, since it activates the Amygdala. This is a very deep and primitive brain region that is associated with anxiety-related behavior. SNRIs reduce the activity in this part of the brain. This can boost mood, anxiety and even alleviate panic attacks.

Although these drugs are extremely beneficial but it is important to keep in mind that they carry a risk of increased suicidal thoughts for some people. Due to this, they're usually prescribed at higher dosages and for a shorter time. Additionally, these drugs are able to interact with other drugs and substances. You should inform your doctor if are taking any other prescriptions, or over-the generic medication. Also be sure to inform them of any medical conditions that may be underlying like heart issues and bleeding issues. Be aware that some patients experience adverse reactions to SNRIs like dry mouth and nausea.

Benzodiazepines

Benzos, or benzodiazepines as they are commonly called, are quick-acting drugs that reduce anxiety and related symptoms, including tension in the muscles and insomnia. They are useful in some sufferers of anxiety disorders, like social anxiety and panic disorder particularly if other treatments, like SSRIs or psychotherapy (talk therapy) do not work. They can also be helpful as a short-term solution, such as while you wait for an antidepressant begin working. Medications such as diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most popular benzos, but other options include clonazepam (Rivotril), temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

They usually start working within 30 minutes due to the fact that they are rapid-acting. The meds don't last in the body for very long, which is why they must be taken on a regular basis to reap the full benefits. Benzos taken for long periods of time could lead to addiction and physical dependence and should be used only for the shortest period possible. Benzos should not be used by people with depression or anxiety disorders as they may increase the risk.

People who use benzos for a long period of duration, often without medical supervision, can develop a condition called sedative-use disorder. It can cause withdrawal symptoms and addiction. This is a rare issue for those who take benzos as prescribed. Misuse of benzos usually results from other causes like alcoholism or depression.

The tolerance to benzodiazepines may develop if they are taken for a long time. When you become tolerant, it takes more and more of the medication to have the same effect. In some cases it can result in respiratory depression, coma or death. Even if you are taking benzodiazepines for a prolonged period of time, it is essential to follow the prescribed dosage.

Other Medicines

SSRIs and SNRIs are among the first drugs doctors typically prescribe for anxiety. They alter serotonin which affects mood as well as appetite and sleep anxiety treatment. They can be slow to take effect, up to 12 weeks, and can cause some side effects like nausea or insomnia. SSRIs are also used to treat other mental health disorders like depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder. Contrary to benzodiazepines, antidepressants do not cause physical dependence. However, they can cause withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped.

Medications in this class include sertraline (Zoloft) and fluoroquinol (Prozac) and citalopram (Celexa). They can be used alone or in combination with therapy. Antidepressants are prescribed by psychiatrists, psychologists or family physicians with special training in medication management.

Doctors can also prescribe a class of antidepressants known as monoamine oxidase inhibitors, or MAOIs. These medications block the action of certain enzymes that break down chemicals, such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. MAOIs can take as long as four weeks to start working, but they are not as quick-acting as SSRIs.

Another medication that can help manage Anxiety treatment without medicine is clonidine. It is used to manage high blood pressure but has limited effectiveness in treating anxiety. Its effectiveness is limited by adverse effects like hypotension and sedation. Antihistamines, such as hydroxyzine, can be prescribed by doctors to reduce anxiety and panic attacks. They also can reduce the effectiveness of benzodiazepines for some patients.

The treatment for anxiety is usually using medication, psychotherapy and exercise. A therapist who specializes in anxiety disorders is the most effective method to treat anxiety. They can help you work through the underlying causes of your anxiety and recommend ways to manage it without medication, if necessary. Other options for treating anxiety that do not involve medication include eye movement desensitization mindfulness meditation, and trauma-informed Yoga. Talk to your therapist about what options are the best for you. Psychiatrists are trained to evaluate your symptoms and medical history and create a treatment plan that works for you. They will take into consideration your particular diagnosis, lifestyle, medical background and preferences when creating this plan and make changes to it as they go along.